Active-duty and reserve pay
Active-duty pay is exempt if you keep no permanent home in New York, keep one elsewhere all year and spend 30 days or less in the state.
An E-5 with over 6 years of service earns $49,320 a year in basic pay. If those conditions are met, New York does not tax it. If not, the full $49,320 counts as New York income. Housing and food allowances are never taxed by any state.
Military retired pay
Military retired pay is exempt.
Your state of legal residence decides
Military pay is taxed by your state of legal residence, usually the state you lived in when you joined or one you later adopted by changing your records, not by the state where you are stationed. This comes from the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act. Spouses can choose to use the member's state of legal residence for their own income too.
See your total pay with state tax
Questions
Does New York tax military pay?
New York exempts military pay only in certain cases, mainly when you are stationed outside the state. Active-duty pay is exempt if you keep no permanent home in New York, keep one elsewhere all year and spend 30 days or less in the state.
Does New York tax military retirement pay?
Military retired pay is exempt.
Is BAH taxed in New York?
No. BAH and BAS are not taxable income for federal or state tax in any state.
Which state taxes me if I am stationed in New York?
Under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act, your military pay is taxed only by your state of legal residence, not the state where you are stationed. If New York is not your legal residence, New York does not tax your military pay.